January 10th, 2008
Lesson 7 Match Colors PHOTOSHOP 4-31 Match a color 1. Click the Chili Peppers layer on the Layers palette, then zoom into the center of the image. 2. Click the Magic Wand Tool on the toolbox. 3. Verify that the Contiguous check box on the options bar is selected, then set the Tolerance to 160. 4. Click the image with the Magic Wand pointer on a yellow pepper at approximately 260 X/260 Y. 5. Open PS 4-3.tif from the drive and folder where your Data Files are stored, zoom into the image if necessary, change the tolerance to 40 then click the purple part of cat s nose (at 60 X/100 Y) with the Magic Wand pointer . Compare your selection to Figure 35. 6. Activate the Chili Shop image, click Image on the menu bar, point to Adjustments, then click Match Color. 7. Click the Source list arrow, then click PS 4-3.tif. Compare your settings to Figure 36. 8. Click OK. 9. Deselect the selection, zoom out to 100%, turn off the rulers, save your work, then compare your image to Figure 37. 10.Close all open images, then exit Photoshop. You used the Match Color dialog box to replace a color in one image with a color from another image. The Match Color dialog box makes it easy to sample colors from other images, giving you even more options for incorporating color into an image. FIGURE 35 Selection in source image FIGURE 36 Match Color dialog box FIGURE 37 Image with matched color Selected area Sample of layer in source Name of target image Name of source image Layer containing selection in source Modified selection (your selection may look slightly different)
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January 9th, 2008
L E S S O N 7 What You ll Do PHOTOSHOP 4-30 Incorporating Color Techniques Chapter 4 Finding the Right Color If it hasn t happened already, at some point you ll be working on an image and wish you could grab a color from another image to use in this one. Just as you can use the Eyedropper Tool to sample any color in the current image for the foreground and background, you can sample a color from any other image to use in the current one. Perhaps the skin tones in one image look washed out: you can use the Match Color command to replace those tones with skin tone colors from another image. Or maybe the jacket color in one image would look better using a color in another image. Using Selections to Match Colors Remember that this is Photoshop, where everything is about layers and selections. To replace a color in one image with one you ve matched from another, you work with you guessed it layers and selections. Suppose you ve located the perfect color in another image. The image you are working with is the target, and that image that contains your perfect color is the source. By activating the layer on which the color lies in the source image, and making a selection around the color, you can have Photoshop match the color in the source and replace a color in the target. To accomplish this, you use the Match Color command, which is available through the Adjustments command on the Image menu. In this lesson, you ll make selections in source and target images, then use the Match Color command to replace the target color. . MATCH COLORS
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January 8th, 2008
Lesson 6 Use Filters, Opacity, and Blending Modes PHOTOSHOP 4-29 Adjust color balance 1. Switch to the Chili Shop image, with the Background layer active. The image you worked with earlier in this chapter becomes active. 2. Click Image on the menu bar, point to Adjustments, then click Color Balance. 3. Drag the Cyan-Red slider until +70 appears in the first text box. 4. Drag the Magenta-Green slider until 40 appears in the middle text box. 5. Drag the Yellow-Blue slider until +35 appears in the last text box, as shown in Figure 33. Subtle changes were made in the color balance in the image. 6. Click OK. 7. Save your work, then compare your image to Figure 34. You balanced the colors in the Chili Shop image by adjusting settings in the Color Balance dialog box. FIGURE 33 Color Balance dialog box FIGURE 34 Image with colors balanced
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January 7th, 2008
PHOTOSHOP 4-28 Incorporating Color Techniques Chapter 4 FIGURE 32 Image settings adjusted Work with a filter, a blending mode, and an opacity setting 1. Click Filter on the menu bar, point to Sharpen, then click Sharpen More. The border and other features of the image are intensified. 2. Click Edit on the menu bar, then click Fade Sharpen More to open the Fade dialog box, as shown in Figure 31. 3. Drag the Opacity slider until 45 appears in the Opacity text box. The opacity setting softened the lines applied by the Sharpen More filter. 4. Click the Mode list arrow, then click Dissolve. The Dissolve setting blends the surrounding pixels. 5. Click OK. 6. Save your work, then compare your image to Figure 32. You applied the Sharpen More filter, then adjusted the opacity and changed the color mode in the Fade dialog box. The image looks crisper than before, with a greater level of detail. FIGURE 31 Fade dialog box
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January 6th, 2008
Lesson 6 Use Filters, Opacity, and Blending Modes PHOTOSHOP 4-27 Adjust brightness and contrast 1. Click Image on the menu bar, point to Adjustments, then click Brightness/Contrast to open the Brightness/Contrast dialog box. 2. Drag the Brightness slider until +15 appears in the Brightness text box. 3. Drag the Contrast slider until +25 appears in the Contrast text box. Compare your screen to Figure 29. 4. Click OK. You adjusted settings in the Brightness/Contrast dialog box. The image now looks much brighter, with a higher degree of contrast, which obscures some of the finer detail in the image. FIGURE 29 Brightness/Contrast dialog box Correcting shadows and highlights The ability to correct shadows and highlights will delight photographers everywhere. This image correction feature (opened by clicking Image on the menu bar, pointing to Adjustments, then clicking Shadow/Highlight) lets you modify overall lighting and make subtle adjustments. Figure 30 shows the Shadow/Highlight dialog box with the Show More Options check box selected. Check out this one-stop shopping for adjustments! FIGURE 30 Shadow/Highlight dialog box
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January 5th, 2008
PHOTOSHOP 4-26 Incorporating Color Techniques Chapter 4 TABLE 1: Blending Modes blending mode description Dissolve, Behind, Dissolve mode creates a grainy, mottled appearance. The Behind mode paints on the transparent part of the and Clear modes layer the lower the opacity, the grainier the image. The Clear mode paints individual pixels. All modes are available only when the Lock transparent pixels check box is not selected. Multiply and Multiply mode creates semitransparent shadow effects. This mode assesses the information in each channel, Screen modes then multiplies the value of the base color by the blend color. The resulting color is always darker than the base color. The Screen mode multiplies the value of the inverse of the blend and base colors. After it is applied, the resulting color is always lighter than the base color. Overlay mode Dark and light values (luminosity) are preserved, dark base colors are multiplied (darkened), and light areas are screened (lightened). Soft Light and Soft Light lightens a light base color and darkens a dark base color. The Hard Light blending mode creates a Hard Light modes similar effect, but provides greater contrast between the base and blend colors. Color Dodge and Color Dodge mode brightens the base color to reflect the blend color. The Color Burn mode darkens the Color Burn modes base color to reflect the blend color. Darken and Darken mode selects a new resulting color based on whichever color is darker the base color or the Lighten modes blend color. The Lighten mode selects a new resulting color based on the lighter of the two colors. Difference and The Difference mode subtracts the value of the blend color from the value of the base color, or vice versa, Exclusion modes depending on which color has the greater brightness value. The Exclusion mode creates an effect similar to that of the Difference mode, but with less contrast between the blend and base colors. Color and The Color mode creates a resulting color with the luminance of the base color, and the hue and saturation Luminosity modes of the blend color. The Luminosity mode creates a resulting color with the hue and saturation of the base color, and the luminance of the blend color. Hue and The Hue mode creates a resulting color with the luminance of the base color and the hue of the blend color. Saturation modes The Saturation mode creates a resulting color with the luminance of the base color and the saturation of the blend color.
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January 4th, 2008
Lesson 6 Use Filters, Opacity, and Blending Modes PHOTOSHOP 4-25 painted using traditional watercolors. Sharpen filters can appear to add definition to the entire image, or just the edges. Compare the different Sharpen filters applied in Figure 28. The Sharpen More filter increases the contrast of adjacent pixels and can focus a blurry image. Be careful not to overuse sharpening tools (or any filter), because you can create high-contrast lines or add graininess in color or brightness. Choosing Blending Modes A blending mode controls how pixels are made either darker or lighter based on underlying colors. Photoshop provides a variety of blending modes, listed in Table 1, to combine the color of the pixels in the current layer with those in layer(s) beneath it. You can see a list of blending modes by clicking the Add a layer style button on the Layers palette. Understanding Blending Mode Components You should consider the following underlying colors when planning a blending mode: base color, which is the original color of the image; blend color, which is the color you apply with a paint or edit tool; and resulting color, which is the color that is created as a result of applying the blend color. Softening Filter Effects Opacity can soften the line that the filter creates, but it doesn t affect the opacity of the entire layer. After a filter has been applied, you can modify the opacity and apply a blending mode using the Layers palette or the Fade dialog box. You can open the Fade dialog box by clicking Edit on the menu bar, then clicking the Fade command. QUICKTIP The Fade command appears only after a filter has been applied. When available, the command name includes the name of the applied filter. Balancing Colors As you adjust settings, such as hue and saturation, you might create unwanted imbalances in your image. You can adjust colors to correct or improve an image s appearance. For example, you can decrease a color by increasing the amount of its opposite color. You use the Color Balance dialog box to balance the color in an image. FIGURE 28 Sharpen filters Original image Sharpen filter applied Sharpen More filter applied excessively
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January 3rd, 2008
L E S S O N 6 What You ll Do PHOTOSHOP 4-24 Incorporating Color Techniques Chapter 4 Manipulating an Image As you work in Photoshop, you might realize that some images have fundamental problems that need correcting, while others just need to be further enhanced. For example, you might need to adjust an image s contrast and sharpness, or you might want to colorize an otherwise dull image. You can use a variety of techniques to change the way an image looks. For example, you have learned how to use the Adjustments command on the Image menu to modify hue and saturation, but you can also use this command to adjust brightness and contrast, color balance, and a host of other visual effects. Understanding Filters Filters are Photoshop commands that can significantly alter an image s appearance. Experimenting with Photoshop s filters is a fun way to completely change the look of an image. For example, the Watercolor fil- In this lesson, you ll adjust the brightness ter gives the illusion that your image was and contrast in the Chili Shop colorized image, apply a Sharpen filter, and adjust the opacity of the lines applied by the filter. You ll also adjust the color balance of the Chili Shop image. . Fixing blurry scanned images An unfortunate result of scanning a picture is that the image can become blurry. You can fix this, however, using the Unsharp Mask filter. This filter both sharpens and smoothes the image by increasing the contrast along element edges. Here s how it works: the smoothing effect removes stray marks, and the sharpening effect emphasizes contrasting neighboring pixels. Most scanners come with their own Unsharp Masks built into the TWAIN driver, but using Photoshop, you have access to a more powerful version of this filter. You can use Photoshop s Unsharp Mask to control the sharpening process by adjusting key settings. In most cases, your scanner s Unsharp Mask might not give you this flexibility. Regardless of the technical aspects, the result is a sharper image. You can apply the Unsharp Mask by clicking Filter on the menu bar, pointing to Sharpen, then click Unsharp Mask. USE FILTERS, OPACITY, AND BLENDING MODES
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January 2nd, 2008
Lesson 5 Add Color to a Grayscale Image PHOTOSHOP 4-23 Colorize a grayscale image 1. Click Image on the menu bar, point to Adjustments, then click Hue/Saturation to open the Hue/Saturation dialog box, as shown in Figure 26. 2. Click the Colorize check box in the Hue/ Saturation dialog box to add a check mark. 3. Drag the Hue slider until the text box displays 290. TIP You can also type values in the text boxes in the Hue/Saturation dialog box. Negative numbers must be preceded by a minus sign or a hyphen. Positive numbers can be preceded by an optional plus sign (+). 4. Drag the Saturation slider until the text box displays 40. 5. Drag the Lightness slider until the text box displays -15. 6. Click OK. 7. Save your work, then compare your screen to Figure 27. You colorized a grayscale image by adjusting settings in the Hue/Saturation dialog box. FIGURE 27 Colorized image Your initial values might vary Colorize check box Sliders FIGURE 26 Hue/Saturation dialog box Converting color images to grayscale Like everything else in Photoshop, there is more than one way of converting a color image into one that is black & white. Changing the color mode to grayscale is the quickest method. You can also make this conversion through desaturation by clicking Image on the menu bar, pointing to Adjustments, then clicking Desaturate. Converting to Grayscale mode generally results in losing contrast, as does the desaturation method.
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January 2nd, 2008
PHOTOSHOP 4-22 Incorporating Color Techniques Chapter 4 Change the color mode 1. Open PS 4-2.psd from the drive and folder where your Data Files are stored, save it as Chili Shop Colorized, then turn off the ruler guides if they are displayed. 2. Click Image on the menu bar, point to Mode, then click Grayscale. 3. Click Flatten in the warning box. The color mode of the image is changed to grayscale, and the image is flattened so there is only a single layer. All the color information in the image has been discarded. 4. Click Image on the menu bar, point to Mode, then click RGB Color. The color mode is changed back to RGB color, although there is still no color in the image. Compare your screen to Figure 25. You converted the image to Grayscale, which discarded the existing color information. Then you changed the color mode to RGB color. FIGURE 25 Image with RGB mode Mode changed to RGB Understanding the Hue/Saturation dialog box The Hue/Saturation dialog box is an important tool in the world of color enhancement. Useful for both color and grayscale images, the saturation slider can be used to boost a range of colors. By clicking the Edit list arrow, you can isolate which colors (all, cyan, blue, magenta, red, yellow, or green) you want to modify. Using this tool requires patience and experimentation, but gives you great control over the colors in your image.
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